We understand that your end goal is to restore calm and balance in your life and feel confident, positive and peaceful. Plain and simple. And you want the best anxiety supplement to help you do that.
You don't want to waste your time or money on something that won't work. So, how do you find an anxiety supplement that will actually help you feel calm and peaceful day and night, as well as promote confidence, reduce stress and support a positive outlook?
Stick to these 3 Guidelines:
- Make sure it not only contains specific clinically proven ingredients for restoring calm, reducing stress and anxiety and promoting a positive outlook, but that it also has ingredients that have been proven effective for day and nighttime use to provide a total care system.
- Make sure it meets all of Research Verified's criteria for effectiveness, safety and security. Our team put together a list of requirements to ensure you get the highest quality product.
- Make sure it has a rock solid 365-day money-back guarantee which shows how much confidence the manufacturers have in their own product.
1 It Must Conform to The Specific Criteria & The Clinical Studies
Here's what to watch out for when buying an anxiety supplement. We'll start with the most important criteria to look out for.
Here are The Top Criteria:
- It must be a dual-action formula for day/nighttime use for a total care solution for reducing anxiety and stress.
- It must contain clinically proven ingredients such as Valerian Root, 5-HTP, Magnesium, L-Theanine, Passion Flower, Chamomile, Bacopa and Melatonin (for nighttime use).
- It must have no additives, preservatives or any other artificial ingredients.
- It must be in the same dosage and purity of ingredients found in clinical studies.
So, check the label to make sure it meets all of these criteria. If it doesn't, don't buy it!
( click here to see our Anxiety Relief label, or click here to see our Anxiety Relief Night label)
The anxiety supplement we recommend meets all the criteria!
Apart from the above criteria, here are other factors you want to look out for:
- Look out for false claims and unsupported facts.
- Make sure the supplement is made in the USA in an FDA registered laboratory.
- Make sure the manufacturing facility is cGMP certified.
- Finally, make sure it complies with the US Pharmacopeia's quality standards.
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* 1. Make sure it contains clinically proven key ingredients to provide a total anxiety management solution - Valerian Root, 5-HTP, Magnesium, L-Theanine, Passion Flower, Chamomile, Bacopa and Melatonin (for night time use). Despite what you see on other sites, the ingredients do matter. Some combinations will be ineffective and others can be dangerous.
- * 2. Make sure it contains a daytime and nighttime formula to cater and adapt to your body's needs during different times of the day. Only this multi-faceted approach will provide the ultimate care for restoring calm and peace in your life. Dont settle for less.
What's In The Clinical Studies:
The anxiety supplement we recommend is a unique formulation which contains the most effective clinically proven ingredients as used in a variety of clinical studies.
It's important to note that this unique supplement provides a separate day and nighttime formula for treating anxiety and stress. Its 100% natural ingredients work day and night to help restore tranquility in your life, helping you to relax, stay calm, promote confidence, ease worries and stress, and allow for a good restful sleep. There is nothing else on the market that provides the range of benefits found in this unique blend of ingredients
Many clinical studies on anxiety, published in a range of Journals and Articles, have demonstrated several key ingredients that play a vital role in treating anxiety symptoms. They include the following:
Extensively Researched Ingredients Proven to Treat Anxiety:
Each ingredient was hand-picked by a team of medical doctors & scientific researchers, based on clinical data, designed to restore calm and peace in your life and get results faster than any other supplement available.
Anxiety Relief Day Formula (click to see ingredients)
(click ingredient name to open)
Valerian Root (Valeriana officinalis)
Valerian root is commonly used as an alternative medicine as it contains sedative and anxiolytic properties that are believed to calm both mind and body. Clinical research demonstrates that Valerian effectively relieves anxiety-related insomnia and suggests that Valerian extract may be comparable to some prescription anti-anxiety drugs for treating anxiety disorders. Unlike many drugs, however, Valerian is not addictive or habit-forming when taken in the recommended doses and has no known side effects.
- 1. Bourin M, Bougerol T, Guitton B, Broutin E. A combination of plant extracts in the treatment of outpatients with adjustment disorder with anxious mood: controlled study versus placebo. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology 1997;11(2):127-32.
- 2. Hattesohl M, Feistel B, Sievers H, Lehnfeld R, Hegger M, Winterhoff H. Extracts of Valeriana officinalis L. s.l. show anxiolytic and antidepressant effects but neither sedative nor myorelaxant properties. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(1-2):2-15.
- 3. Delsignore R, Orlando S, Costi D, Baroni MC, Butturini U. Clinical comparative evaluation of a stabilized valeriana extract and placebo. A Folha Medica 1992;104(5):191-6.
- 4. Hadley S, Petry JJ. Valerian. Am Fam Physician 2003;67:1755-8
- 5. Muller SF, Klement S. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine 2006;13(6):383-7.
- 6. Andreatini R, Sartori VA, Seabra ML, Leite JR. Effect of valepotriates (valerian extract) in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. Phytother Res 2002;16:650-4.
- 7. Kohnen R, Oswald WD. The effects of valerian, propranolol, and their combination on activation, performance, and mood of healthy volunteers under social stress conditions. Pharmacopsychiatry 1988;21:447-8.
- 8. Muller D, Pfeil T, von den Driesch V. Treating depression comorbid with anxiety - results of an open, practice-oriented study with St John's wort WSu 5572 and valerian extract in high doses. Phytomedicine 2003;10:25-30.
- 9. Cropley M, Cave Z, Ellis J, Middleton RW. Effect of kava and valerian on human physiological and psychological responses to mental stress assessed under laboratory conditions. Phytother Res 2002;16:23-7.
5-HTP
5-HTP is an amino acid derived naturally from the seeds of the plant Griffonia simplicifolia. 5-HTP is converted to serotonin naturally by the body which has been shown to be vital in the regulation of mood, specifically in the areas associated with anxiety and depression.
- 1. Kahn RS, Westenberg HG, Verhoeven WM, Gispen-de Wied CC, Kamerbeek WD. Effect of a serotonin precursor and uptake inhibitor in anxiety disorders; a double-blind comparison of 5-hydroxytryptophan, clomipramine and placebo. International Clinical Psychopharmacology 1987;2(1):33-45.
- 2. Angst J, Woggon B, Schoepf J. The treatment of depression with L-5-Hydroxytryptophan versus imipramine. Results of two open and one double-blind study. Archiv fuer Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten 1977;224(2):175-86.
- 3. Kline N, Sacks W, Simpson G. Further studies on one day treatment of depression with 5-HTP. American Journal of Psychiatry 1964;121:379-81.
- 4. Alino J, Gutierrez J, Iglesias M. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and a MAOI (nialamide) in the treatment of depression. A double blind controlled study. International Pharmacopsychiatry 1976;11(1):8-15.
- 5. Meltzer H, Perline R, Tricou B, Loewe M, Robertson A. Effect of 5-Hydroxytryptophan on serum cortisol levels in major affective disorders II Relation to suicide. Archives of General Psychiatry 1984;41(4):379-87.
- 6. Jorm AF, Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Parslow RA. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for anxiety disorders. Med J Aust 2004;181(7 Suppl):S29-46.
- 7. Van Praag HM, Korf J. 5-Hydroxytryptophan as antidepressant: The predictive value of the probenecid test. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 1972;8(4):34-5.
- 8. Schruers K, van Diest R, Overbeek T, Griez E. Acute L-5-hydroxytryptophan administration inhibits carbon dioxide-induced panic in panic disorder patients. Psychiatry Res 2002;113(3):237-43.
- 9. Shaw K, Turner J, Del Mar C. Tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(1):CD003198.
L-Theanine
L-Theanine is a well-known proteinogenic amino acid commonly found in green tea. It can cross the blood brain barrier intact and has been reported to have a range of positive psychoactive properties. Several studies show that L-Theanine has the potential ability to reduce mental and physical stress. It provides a calming effect on the body and relieves physical symptoms associated with stress and anxiety, like sweating palms and increased heart rate.
- 1. Rogers PJ, Smith JE, Heatherley SV, Pleydell-Pearce CW. Time for tea: mood, blood pressure and cognitive performance effects of caffeine and theanine administered alone and together. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2008;195(4):569-77.
- 2. Kakuda T, Nozawa A, Unno T, et al. Inhibiting effects of theanine on caffeine stimulation evaluated by EEG in the rat. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000;64:287-293.
- 3. Kimura, K, M Ozeki, LR Juneja, H Ohira L-Theanine reduces psychological and physiological stress responses Biological Psychology 2007;74(1):39-45.
- 4. L-theanine . Monograph. Altern Med Rev 2005;10(2):136-8.
- 5. Yokogoshi H, Kato Y, Sagesaka YM, et al. Reduction effect of theanine on blood pressure and brain 5-hydroxyindoles in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem1995;59:615-8.
- 6. Lu K, Gray MA, Oliver C, Liley DT, Harrison BJ, Bartholomeusz CF, Phan KL, Nathan PJ. The acute effects of L-theanine in comparison with alprazolam on anticipatory anxiety in humans. Hum Psychopharmacol 2004;19(7):457-65.
- 7. Juneja, LR, DC Chu, T Okubo, Y Nagato, H Yokogoshi L-theanine-a unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends in Food Science & Technology 1999;10(6-7):199-204.
- 8. Yokogoshi H, Kobayashi M, Mochizuki M, Terashima T. Effect of theanine, rglutamylethylamide, on brain monoamines and striatal dopamine release in conscious rats. Neurochem Res 1998;23:667-73.
- 9. Ito K, Nagato Y, Aoi N, et al. Effects of L-theanine on the release of alpha-brain waves in human volunteers. Nippon Nogeikagaku Kaishi 1998;72:153-157.
Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata)
Passion flower has been used historically in traditional medicine for many years. Known for its analgesic and sedative qualities, it is well known as an herb used for insomnia and anxiety. Passiflora incarnata is one of a group of plants, due to their chemical make-up, classified as 'serotonin-derived': serotonin is essential for balancing and regulating our mood. Studies for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) suggest that maypop extract (derived from the leaves of P. incarnata) performed as well as prescription drugs, with very few short term side effects.
- 1. Krenn L. Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata L.)--a reliable herbal sedative. Wien Med Wochenschr 2002;152(15-16):404-6.
- 2. Bourin M, Bougerol T, Guitton B, Broutin E. A combination of plant extracts in the treatment of outpatients with adjustment disorder with anxious mood: controlled study versus placebo. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology 1997;11(2):127-32.
- 3. Movafegh A, Alizadeh R, Hajimohamadi F, Esfehani F, Nejatfar M. Preoperative oral Passiflora incarnata reduces anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg 2008;106(6):1728-32.
- 4. Barbosa PR, Valvassori SS, Bordignon CL Jr, Kappel VD, Martins MR, Gavioli EC, Quevedo J, Reginatto FH. The aqueous extracts of Passiflora alata and Passiflora edulis reduce anxiety-related behaviors without affecting memory process in rats. J Med Food 2008;11(2):282-8.
- 5. Dhawan K, Kumar S, Sharma A. Anti-anxiety studies on extracts of Passiflora incarnata Linneaus. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;78(2-3):165-70
- 6. Brown E, Hurd NS, McCall S, Ceremuga TE. Evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of chrysin, a Passiflora incarnata extract, in the laboratory rat. AANA J 2007;75(5):333-7.
- 7. Dhawan K, Dhawan S, Chhabra S. Attenuation of benzodiazepine dependence in mice by a tri-substituted benzoflavone moiety of Passiflora incarnata Linneaus: a non-habit forming anxiolytic. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2003;6(2):215-22.
Chamomile Flower (Matricaria Recutita L.)
Chamomile contains both anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-anxiety properties. From the ragweed family, this popular herb has been used as a calming agent and sleeping aid for many years. Studies also suggest positive benefits for relaxing the muscles and easing the digestive complaints that often accompany anxiety.
- 1. McKay, Diane L., Jeffrey B. Blumberg A Review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.) Phytotherapy Research 2006;20(7):519-30.
- 2. Kakuta, H., Yano-Kakuta, E. and Moriya, K. Psyxhological and physiological effects in humans of eating chamomile jelly. Acta Hort (ISHS) 2007;749:187-92.
- 3. Awad R, Levac D, Cybulska P, Merali Z, Trudeau VL, Arnason JT. Effects of traditionally used anxiolytic botanicals on enzymes of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;85(9):933-42.
Bacopa Monniera (Brahmi)
Bacopa is an important medicinal herb used in Ayurveda and is a well known mood lifter. It contains bacosides which play a direct role in serotonin and dopamine regulation. These two chemicals play a role in balancing mood, mental energy and motivation. Studies have shown that Bacopa can reduce anxiety and reduce feelings of stress. Some suggest that it also acts as an antidepressant promoting peace and calm in the mind.
- 1. Ernst, E. Herbal remedies for anxiety - a systematic review of controlled clinical trials. Phytomedicine 2006;13(3):205-208.
- 2. Calabrese C, Gregory WL, Leo M, Kraemer D, Bone K, Oken B. Effects of a standardized Bacopa monnieri extract on cognitive performance, anxiety, and depression in the elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2008;14(6):707-13.
Magnolia (Magnolia officinalis)
Magnolia bark is used as a general anti-stress and anti-anxiety agent providing a range of general benefits for restoring calm and reducing stress. Magnolia bark contains bioactive ingredients such as magnolol and honokiol which activate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and is said to contain anti-stress, anti-anxiety, anti-depressant, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects.
- 1. Han H., Jung J.K., Han S.B., Nam S.Y., Oh K.W., Hong J.T. (2011). 'Anxiolytic-like effects of 4-O-methylhonokiol isolated from magnolia officinalis through enhancement of GABAergic transmission and chloride influx'. Journal of Medicinal Food 14 (7-8): 724-731. doi:10.1089/jmf.2010.1111. PMID 21501091.
- 2. Kalman D.S., Feldman S., Feldman R., Schwartz H.I., Krieger D.R., Garrison R. (2008). 'Effect of a proprietary Magnolia and Phellodendron extract on stress levels in healthy women: A pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial'. Nutrition Journal 7 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-7-11.
- 3. Ma L., Chen J., Wang X., Liang X., Luo Y., Zhu W., Wang T., Peng M., Li S., Jie S., Peng A., Wei Y., Chen L. (2011). 'Structural modification of honokiol, a biphenyl occurring in magnolia officinalis: The evaluation of honokiol analogues as inhibitors of angiogenesis and for their cytotoxicity and structure-activity relationship'. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (19): 6469-6481. doi:10.1021/jm200830u. PMID 21853991.
- 4. Fried L.E., Arbiser J.L. (2009). 'Honokiol, a multifunctional antiangiogenic and antitumor agent'. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 11 (5): 1139-1148. doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2440. PMC 2842137. PMID 19203212.
- 5. Hu J., Chen L.-J., Liu L., Chen X., Chen P., Yang G.-L., Hou W.-L., Tang M.-H., Zhang F., Wang X.-H., Zhao X., Wei Y.-Q. (2008). 'Liposomal honokiol, a potent anti-angiogenesis agent, in combination with radiotherapy produces a synergistic antitumor efficacy without increasing toxicity'. Experimental & Molecular Medicine 40 (6): 617-628. doi:10.3858/emm.2008.40.6.617. PMC 2679338. PMID 19116447.
- 6. Lee YJ, Lee YM, Lee CK, Jung JK, Han SB, Hong JT (2011). 'Therapeutic applications of compounds in the Magnolia family'. Pharmacol Ther. 130 (2): 157-176. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.01.010. PMID 21277893.
- 7. Atanasov AG, Wang JN, Gu SP, Bu J, Kramer MP, Baumgartner L, Fakhrudin N, Ladurner A, Malainer C, Vuorinen A, Noha SM, Schwaiger S, Rollinger JM, Schuster D, Stuppner H, Dirsch VM, Heiss EH. (October 2013). 'Honokiol: A non-adipogenic PPAR? agonist from nature.' 1830 (10). pp. 4813-9. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.021. PMC 3790966. PMID 23811337.
Siberian Ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus)
Eleuthero is one of the best adaptogenic herbs available, originally sourced from Russia, it holds a wide range of health benefits. Used in traditional Chinese medicine for insomnia, poor appetite and headaches, its biological effects also include (as tested on animals) increased endurance/anti-fatigue, improvement in learning and memory, anti-inflammatory and anti-depressant like effects. It is also noted to be beneficial for immune boosting and enhancing resistance to disease.
- 1. Huang L, Zhao H, Huang B, Zheng C, Peng W, Qin L. (2011). 'Acanthopanax senticosus: review of botany, chemistry and pharmacology'. Pharmazie 66 (2): 83-97.
- 2. Halstead B, Hood L (1984). Eleutherococcus senticosis-Siberian Ginseng, OHAI. p.7.
- 3. Huang L.-Z., Huang B.-K., Ye Q., Qin L.-P. (2011). 'Bioactivity-guided fractionation for anti-fatigue property of Acanthopanax senticosus'. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 133 (1): 213-219.
- 4. Xu Y.J., Han C.J., Xu S.J., Yu X., Jiang G.Z., Nan C.H. 'Effects of Acanthopanax senticosus on learning and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease and protection against free radical injury to brain tissue' Neural Regeneration Research 2008 3:2 (192-195).
- 5. Chen R., Liu Z., Zhao J., Chen R., Meng F., Zhang M., Ge W. (2011). 'Antioxidant and immunobiological activity of water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from Acanthopanax senticosu [sic]'. Food Chemistry 127 (2): 434-440.
- 6. Kurkin VA, Dubishchev AV, Ezhkov VN, Titova IN, Avdeeva EV (2006). 'Antidepressant activity of some phytopharmaceuticals and phenylpropanoids'. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal 40 (11): 614-9. doi:10.1007/s11094-006-0205-5.
- 7. Deyama T, Nishibe S, Nakazawa Y (December 2001). 'Constituents and pharmacological effects of Eucommia and Siberian ginseng'. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 22 (12): 1057-70.
Oats (Avena sativa)
Avina sativa (oats) are full of essential nutrients, high in dietary fibre and have long been used for fatigue, anxiety and stress. Oats provide a nutritious source of B Vitamins, which are known to be calming to the nervous system and contain healthy soluble fiber which can lower cholesterol and stabilize blood sugar levels to prevent changes in mood levels that can trigger anxiety, irritability and depressive symptoms. Oats promote the neurochemical serotonin in the brain which in turn calms the brain and body relieving feelings of anxiety, nervousness and sleep related problems.
- 1. Oats'. World's Healthiest Foods, The George Mateljan Foundation. 2014.
- 2. Whitehead A, Beck EJ, Tosh S, Wolever TM (2014). 'Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat ß-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials'. Am J Clin Nutr 100 (6): 1413-21.
- 3. James A. Duke, Handbook of medicinal herbs, CRC Press, 2002.
Magnesium
Studies have shown that inadequate magnesium intake is associated with anxiety, hence, magnesium supplementation is often an effective treatment for reducing anxiety and stress.
- 1. Spasov AA, Iezhitsa IN, Kharitonova MV, Kravchenko MS. Depression-like and anxiety-related behaviour of rats fed with magnesium-deficient diet. Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova 2008;58(4):476-85.
- 2. Jacka FN, Overland S, Stewart R, Tell GS, Bjelland I, Mykletun A. Association between magnesium intake and depression and anxiety in community-dwelling adults: the Hordaland Health Study. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2009;43(1):45-52.
- 3. Fromm L, Heath DL, Vink R, Nimmo AJ. Magnesium attenuates post-traumatic depression/anxiety following diffuse traumatic brain injury in rats. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23(5):529S-533S.
- 4.Recarte Garcua Andrade C, del Castillo Rueda A, Torres Segovia F. Anxiolytic effect of magnesium. An Med Interna 1991;8(11):576.
- 5. Hanus M, Lafon J, Mathieu M. Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a fixed combination containing two plant extracts (Crataegus oxyacantha and Eschscholtzia californica) and magnesium in mild-to-moderate anxiety disorders. Curr Med Res Opin 2004;20(1):63-71.
- 6. Grases G, Purez-Castellu JA, Sanchis P, Casero A, Perellu J, Isern B, Rigo E, Grases F. Anxiety and stress among science students. Study of calcium and magnesium alterations. Magnes Res 2006;19(2):102-6.
- 7. De Souza MC, Walker AF, Robinson PA, Bolland K. A synergistic effect of a daily supplement for 1 month of 200 mg magnesium plus 50 mg vitamin B6 for the relief of anxiety-related premenstrual symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. J Womens Health Gend Based Med 2000;9(2):131-9.
- 8. Poleszak E, Szewczyk B, Kedzierska E, Wla? P, Pilc A, Nowak G. Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activity of magnesium in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2004;78(1):7-12.
- 9. Seelig MS. Consequences of magnesium deficiency on the enhancement of stress reactions; preventive and therapeutic implications (a review). J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13(5):429-46
Niacinamide
Niacinamide is a water-soluble vitamin from the B group of vitamins that has anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) properties and may work similar to psychoactive medication such as Benzodiazepine. Unlike Niacin, it does not cause flushing or stress to the liver.
- 1. Tallman JF, Paul SM, Skolnick P, Gallager DW (1980). 'Receptors for the age of anxiety: pharmacology of the benzodiazepines'. Science 207 (4428): 274-81.
- 2. Paul, SM; Marangos, PJ; Skolnick, P; Goodwin, FK (1982). 'Biological substrates of anxiety: benzodiazepine receptors and endogenous ligands.'. L'Encephale 8 (2): 131-44.
- 3. Akhundov, RA; Sultanov, AA; Gadzhily, RA; Sadykhov, RV (May 1993). '[Psychoregulating role of nicotinamide].'. Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny 115 (5): 487-91.
Anxiety Relief Night Formula (click to see ingredients)
(click ingredient name to open)
Valerian Root (Valeriana officinalis)
Valerian root is commonly used as an alternative medicine as it contains sedative and anxiolytic properties that are believed to calm both mind and body. Clinical research demonstrates that Valerian effectively relieves anxiety-related insomnia and suggests that Valerian extract may be comparable to some prescription anti-anxiety drugs for treating anxiety disorders. Unlike many drugs, however, Valerian is not addictive or habit-forming when taken in the recommended doses and has no known side effects.
- 1. Bourin M, Bougerol T, Guitton B, Broutin E. A combination of plant extracts in the treatment of outpatients with adjustment disorder with anxious mood: controlled study versus placebo. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology 1997;11(2):127-32.
- 2. Hattesohl M, Feistel B, Sievers H, Lehnfeld R, Hegger M, Winterhoff H. Extracts of Valeriana officinalis L. s.l. show anxiolytic and antidepressant effects but neither sedative nor myorelaxant properties. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(1-2):2-15.
- 3. Delsignore R, Orlando S, Costi D, Baroni MC, Butturini U. Clinical comparative evaluation of a stabilized valeriana extract and placebo. A Folha Medica 1992;104(5):191-6.
- 4. Hadley S, Petry JJ. Valerian. Am Fam Physician 2003;67:1755-8
- 5. Muller SF, Klement S. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine 2006;13(6):383-7.
- 6. Andreatini R, Sartori VA, Seabra ML, Leite JR. Effect of valepotriates (valerian extract) in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized placebo-controlled pilot study. Phytother Res 2002;16:650-4.
- 7. Kohnen R, Oswald WD. The effects of valerian, propranolol, and their combination on activation, performance, and mood of healthy volunteers under social stress conditions. Pharmacopsychiatry 1988;21:447-8.
- 8. Muller D, Pfeil T, von den Driesch V. Treating depression comorbid with anxiety - results of an open, practice-oriented study with St John's wort WSu 5572 and valerian extract in high doses. Phytomedicine 2003;10:25-30.
- 9. Cropley M, Cave Z, Ellis J, Middleton RW. Effect of kava and valerian on human physiological and psychological responses to mental stress assessed under laboratory conditions. Phytother Res 2002;16:23-7.
Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata)
Passion flower has been used historically in traditional medicine for many years. Known for its analgesic and sedative qualities, it is well known as an herb used for insomnia and anxiety. Passiflora incarnata is one of a group of plants, due to their chemical make-up, classified as 'serotonin-derived': serotonin is essential for balancing and regulating our mood. Studies for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) suggest that maypop extract (derived from the leaves of P. incarnata) performed as well as prescription drugs, with very few short term side effects.
- 1. Krenn L. Passion Flower (Passiflora incarnata L.)--a reliable herbal sedative. Wien Med Wochenschr 2002;152(15-16):404-6.
- 2. Bourin M, Bougerol T, Guitton B, Broutin E. A combination of plant extracts in the treatment of outpatients with adjustment disorder with anxious mood: controlled study versus placebo. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology 1997;11(2):127-32.
- 3. Movafegh A, Alizadeh R, Hajimohamadi F, Esfehani F, Nejatfar M. Preoperative oral Passiflora incarnata reduces anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg 2008;106(6):1728-32.
- 4. Barbosa PR, Valvassori SS, Bordignon CL Jr, Kappel VD, Martins MR, Gavioli EC, Quevedo J, Reginatto FH. The aqueous extracts of Passiflora alata and Passiflora edulis reduce anxiety-related behaviors without affecting memory process in rats. J Med Food 2008;11(2):282-8.
- 5. Dhawan K, Kumar S, Sharma A. Anti-anxiety studies on extracts of Passiflora incarnata Linneaus. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;78(2-3):165-70
- 6. Brown E, Hurd NS, McCall S, Ceremuga TE. Evaluation of the anxiolytic effects of chrysin, a Passiflora incarnata extract, in the laboratory rat. AANA J 2007;75(5):333-7.
- 7. Dhawan K, Dhawan S, Chhabra S. Attenuation of benzodiazepine dependence in mice by a tri-substituted benzoflavone moiety of Passiflora incarnata Linneaus: a non-habit forming anxiolytic. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2003;6(2):215-22.
Chamomile Flower (Matricaria Recutita L.)
Chamomile contains both anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-anxiety properties. From the ragweed family, this popular herb has been used as a calming agent and sleeping aid for many years. Studies also suggest positive benefits for relaxing the muscles and easing the digestive complaints that often accompany anxiety.
- 1. McKay, Diane L., Jeffrey B. Blumberg A Review of the bioactivity and potential health benefits of chamomile tea (Matricaria recutita L.) Phytotherapy Research 2006;20(7):519-30.
- 2. Kakuta, H., Yano-Kakuta, E. and Moriya, K. Psyxhological and physiological effects in humans of eating chamomile jelly. Acta Hort (ISHS) 2007;749:187-92.
- 3. Awad R, Levac D, Cybulska P, Merali Z, Trudeau VL, Arnason JT. Effects of traditionally used anxiolytic botanicals on enzymes of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2007;85(9):933-42.
Magnolia (Magnolia officinalis)
Magnolia bark is used as a general anti-stress and anti-anxiety agent providing a range of general benefits for restoring calm and reducing stress. Magnolia bark contains bioactive ingredients such as magnolol and honokiol which activate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and is said to contain anti-stress, anti-anxiety, anti-depressant, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects.
- 1. Han H., Jung J.K., Han S.B., Nam S.Y., Oh K.W., Hong J.T. (2011). 'Anxiolytic-like effects of 4-O-methylhonokiol isolated from magnolia officinalis through enhancement of GABAergic transmission and chloride influx'. Journal of Medicinal Food 14 (7-8): 724-731. doi:10.1089/jmf.2010.1111. PMID 21501091.
- 2. Kalman D.S., Feldman S., Feldman R., Schwartz H.I., Krieger D.R., Garrison R. (2008). 'Effect of a proprietary Magnolia and Phellodendron extract on stress levels in healthy women: A pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial'. Nutrition Journal 7 (1): 11. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-7-11.
- 3. Ma L., Chen J., Wang X., Liang X., Luo Y., Zhu W., Wang T., Peng M., Li S., Jie S., Peng A., Wei Y., Chen L. (2011). 'Structural modification of honokiol, a biphenyl occurring in magnolia officinalis: The evaluation of honokiol analogues as inhibitors of angiogenesis and for their cytotoxicity and structure-activity relationship'. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54 (19): 6469-6481. doi:10.1021/jm200830u. PMID 21853991.
- 4. Fried L.E., Arbiser J.L. (2009). 'Honokiol, a multifunctional antiangiogenic and antitumor agent'. Antioxidants and Redox Signaling 11 (5): 1139-1148. doi:10.1089/ars.2009.2440. PMC 2842137. PMID 19203212.
- 5. Hu J., Chen L.-J., Liu L., Chen X., Chen P., Yang G.-L., Hou W.-L., Tang M.-H., Zhang F., Wang X.-H., Zhao X., Wei Y.-Q. (2008). 'Liposomal honokiol, a potent anti-angiogenesis agent, in combination with radiotherapy produces a synergistic antitumor efficacy without increasing toxicity'. Experimental & Molecular Medicine 40 (6): 617-628. doi:10.3858/emm.2008.40.6.617. PMC 2679338. PMID 19116447.
- 6. Lee YJ, Lee YM, Lee CK, Jung JK, Han SB, Hong JT (2011). 'Therapeutic applications of compounds in the Magnolia family'. Pharmacol Ther. 130 (2): 157-176. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.01.010. PMID 21277893.
- 7. Atanasov AG, Wang JN, Gu SP, Bu J, Kramer MP, Baumgartner L, Fakhrudin N, Ladurner A, Malainer C, Vuorinen A, Noha SM, Schwaiger S, Rollinger JM, Schuster D, Stuppner H, Dirsch VM, Heiss EH. (October 2013). 'Honokiol: A non-adipogenic PPAR? agonist from nature.' 1830 (10). pp. 4813-9. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.021. PMC 3790966. PMID 23811337.
Lemon Balm (Melissa Officinalis)
Several studies demonstrate the sedative qualities of lemon balm, which when combined with Valerian, effectively promotes sleep. The German Commission E has approved Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) for the relief of sleep disturbances. Furthermore, it has been shown to be especially effective at quickening sleep onset and improving the quality of sleep. One clinical study suggests that this combination may be as effective as some prescription sleep medication.
- 1. Dressing H, Riemann D, Low H, et al. Insomnia: Are valerian/balm combination of equal value to benzodiazepine? Therapiewoche 1992;42:726-36 [in German].
- 2. Dressing H, Kohler S, Muller WE. Improvement of sleep quality with a high-dose valerian/lemon balm preparation: A placebo-controlled double-blind study. Psychopharmakotherapie 1996;6:32-40.
- 3. Cerny A, Schmid K. Tolerability and efficacy of valerian/lemon balm in healthy volunteers (a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study). Fitoterapia 1999;70:221-8.
- 4. Kennedy, D. O.; Little, W; Scholey, AB (2004). 'Attenuation of Laboratory-Induced Stress in Humans After Acute Administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm)'. Psychosomatic Medicine 66 (4): 607-13.
- 5. Awad, Rosalie; Muhammad, Asim; Durst, Tony; Trudeau, Vance L.; Arnason, John T. (2009). 'Bioassay-guided fractionation of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) using an in vitro measure of GABA transaminase activity'. Phytotherapy Research 23 (8): 1075-81.
Melatonin
Melatonin is a natural human hormone that works with the body's own sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm). Its production levels vary throughout our life cycle differing between newborns, teenagers and old age, these differing levels affect our sleep patterns. Studies have also shown that prolonged-release melatonin improves sleep quality providing a healthier, more refreshing sleep than sedative drugs. Other studies have shown melatonin to be effective for reducing anxiety in pre-op adults, whose benefits may also be effective post-op also.
- 1. Zhdanova IV, Wurtman RJ, Morabito C, Piotrovska VR, Lynch HJ. Effects of low oral doses of melatonin, given 2-4 hours before habitual bedtime, on sleep in normal young humans. Sleep 1996;5:423-31.
- 2. Attenburrow MEJ, Dowling BA, Sharpley AL, Cowen PJ. Case-control study of evening melatonin concentration in primary insomnia. BMJ 1996;312:1263-4
- 3. Zhdanova IV, Wurtman RJ, Lynch HJ, et al. Sleep-inducing effects of low doses of melatonin ingested in the evening. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995;57:552-8
- 4. Garfinkel D, Laudon M, Nof D, Zisapel N. Improvement of sleep quality in elderly people by controlled-release melatonin. Lancet 1995;346:541-4
- 5. Haimov I, Laudon M, Zisapel N, Souroujon M, Nof D, Shlitner A, et al. Sleep disorders and melatonin rhythms in elderly people. BMJ 1994;309:167.
- 6. Ardura J, Gutierrez R, Andres J, Agapito T (2003). 'Emergence and evolution of the circadian rhythm of melatonin in children'. Horm. Res. 59 (2): 66-72
- 7. Sack RL, Lewy AJ, Erb DL, Vollmer WM, Singer CM (1986). 'Human melatonin production decreases with age'. J. Pineal Res. 3 (4): 379-88.
- 8. Hansen MV, Halladin NL, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I, Møller AM. (2015). 'Melatonin for pre- and postoperative anxiety in adults.'. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4): CD009861.
Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Humulus lupulus is the Hop plant, known for use in beverages and herbal medicine. Hops are used medicinally in a similar way to Valerian, as a treatment for anxiety, restlessness and insomnia. Studies have shown that it contains both relaxing and sedative properties.
- 1. Plants for a Future: Humulus lupulus Plants for a Future. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
- 2. Franco L, Sánchez C, Bravo R, Rodriguez A, Barriga C, Juánez JC; Sánchez; Bravo; Rodriguez; Barriga; Juánez (June 2012). 'The sedative effects of hops (Humulus lupulus), a component of beer, on the activity/rest rhythm'. Acta Physiologica Hungarica 99 (2): 133-9.
- 3. Franco L, Sánchez C, Bravo R, Rodríguez AB, Barriga C, Romero E, Cubero J (2012). 'The sedative effect of non-alcoholic beer in healthy female nurses'. PLoS One 7 (7): e37290.
Taurine
Taurine is a naturally occurring organic sulfonic acid found in the body and is essential for many functions including cardiovascular, skeletal development and for the central nervous system. Its range of therapeutic benefits include (according to animal studies), its anxiolytic effect which is thought to act as a regulator or anti-anxiety element in the central nervous system by activating the glycine receptor, lowering blood pressure and calming the sympathetic nervous system.
- 1. Green, TR; Fellman, JH; Eicher, AL; Pratt, KL (1991). 'Antioxidant role and subcellular location of hypotaurine and taurine in human neutrophils'. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1073 (1): 91-7.
- 2. Gürer, H; Ozgünes, H; Saygin, E; Ercal, N (2001). 'Antioxidant effect of taurine against lead-induced oxidative stress'. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 41 (4): 397-402.
- 3. Das, J; Ghosh, J; Manna, P; Sil, PC (2008). 'Taurine provides antioxidant defense against NaF-induced cytotoxicity in murine hepatocytes'. Pathophysiology 15 (3): 181-90..
- 4. Sinha, M; Manna, P; Sil, PC (2008). 'Taurine protects the antioxidant defense system in the erythrocytes of cadmium treated mice'. BMB Reports 41 (9): 657-63.
Jujube Extract (Ziziphus jujuba)
Commonly used in Chinese and Korean medicine, the fruits and seeds of this plant are thought to alleviate stress. Other significant benefits include anti-fungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and sedative qualities.
- 1. Mill Goetz P. 'Demonstration of the psychotropic effect of mother tincture of Zizyphus jujuba' Phytotherapie 2009 7:1 (31-36).
- 2. Jiang J.-G., Huang X.-J., Chen J., Lin Q.-S.,'Comparison of the sedative and hypnotic effects of flavonoids, saponins, and polysaccharides extracted from Semen Ziziphus jujube', Natural Product Research 2007 21:4 (310-320).
- 3. Mahajan R.T., Chopda M.Z. 'Phyto-pharmacology of Ziziphus jujuba mill - A plant review' Mahajan R.T., Chopda M.Z. Pharmacognosy Reviews 2009 3:6 (320-329).
Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum)
Medicinal uses of the Reishi mushroom, also known as (lingzhi), date back thousands of years. Containing anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties its benefits include immune boosting qualities and is commonly used to relieve insomnia. It contains polysaccharides, which stimulate the immune system and triterpene acids which reduce hypertension.
- 1. Jin X, Ruiz Beguerie J, Sze DMY, Chan GCF. Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) for cancer treatment. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD007731
- 2. //healingreishi.wordpress.com/reishi-other-remedies-for-insomnia/
- 3. Dinesh, P. Babu and Subhasree, R.S. (2008). The Sacred Mushroom 'Reishi' - a Review. American - Eurasian Journal of Botany, 1 (3): 107-110.
*Disclaimer: Results of this study may not be an implication of future results
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